| چکیده فارسی مقاله |
Conclusions We found a large impact due to NSPs for reducing the occurance of HIV among active drug injectors who have been provided sufficient needles and syringes. The coverage of NSPs needs to be increased to observe such significant impact. Results Given the output of the model, we found that among the PWID with sufficient coverage of NSPs the HIV rate is 1.02%, while those with insufficient coverage is increased to 4.04% (risk different = 3%, SI 95% 2.7 - 3.4%). By reducing the percentage of sharing from 18% (in patients with insufficient NSPs coverage) to 10%, the HIV incidence will be Dropped to 0.9% (SI 95%, 0.4 - 1.3%). Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of NSP coverage in prevention of HIV incidence among PWIDs. Patients and Methods We used Wilson et al.’s mathematical model to predict the occurrence of HIV amongst PWID with sufficient and insufficient client-level coverage of NSPs. We parameterized and calibrated the model using behavioral and epidemiological data collected in an empirical study of 470 active PWID and recruited them through two Drop-In Centers (DIC) in Kermanshah, Iran from April to September, 2014. Other parameters such as risk of HIV transmission through injection with a shared injection, and effectiveness of syringe cleaning were obtained from the literature. We applied Monte Carlo simulation (10,000 runs) to capture the uncertainty (simulation interval – SI) in the model’s output. Background The sharing of syringes by people who inject drugs (PWID) is an important factor for the transmission of HIV. Needle and syringe programs (NSP) are widely used to reduce any harm associated with drug injection, however since the impact of these programs have not been systematically studied our objective is to model the impact of NSPs on HIV incidences for PWID in Kermanshah, Iran. |
| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Conclusions We found a large impact due to NSPs for reducing the occurance of HIV among active drug injectors who have been provided sufficient needles and syringes. The coverage of NSPs needs to be increased to observe such significant impact. Results Given the output of the model, we found that among the PWID with sufficient coverage of NSPs the HIV rate is 1.02%, while those with insufficient coverage is increased to 4.04% (risk different = 3%, SI 95% 2.7 - 3.4%). By reducing the percentage of sharing from 18% (in patients with insufficient NSPs coverage) to 10%, the HIV incidence will be Dropped to 0.9% (SI 95%, 0.4 - 1.3%). Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of NSP coverage in prevention of HIV incidence among PWIDs. Patients and Methods We used Wilson et al.’s mathematical model to predict the occurrence of HIV amongst PWID with sufficient and insufficient client-level coverage of NSPs. We parameterized and calibrated the model using behavioral and epidemiological data collected in an empirical study of 470 active PWID and recruited them through two Drop-In Centers (DIC) in Kermanshah, Iran from April to September, 2014. Other parameters such as risk of HIV transmission through injection with a shared injection, and effectiveness of syringe cleaning were obtained from the literature. We applied Monte Carlo simulation (10,000 runs) to capture the uncertainty (simulation interval – SI) in the model’s output. Background The sharing of syringes by people who inject drugs (PWID) is an important factor for the transmission of HIV. Needle and syringe programs (NSP) are widely used to reduce any harm associated with drug injection, however since the impact of these programs have not been systematically studied our objective is to model the impact of NSPs on HIV incidences for PWID in Kermanshah, Iran. |
| نویسندگان مقاله |
مهدی نوروزی | mehdi noroozi
substance abuse and dependence research center, university of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences, tehran, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم بهزیستی و توانبخشی (University of social welfare and rehabilitation sciences)
علیرضا نوروزی | alireza noroozi
school of advanced technologies in medicine satim , tehran university of medical sciences tums , tehran, ir iran; substance abuse prevention and treatment office sapto , ministry of health and medical education mohme , tehran, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی (Ministry of health and medical education)
علی میرزازاده | ali mirzazadeh
department of epidemiology and biostatics, university of california, san francisco, ca, usa; regional knowledge hub, and who collaborating centre for hiv surveillance, institute for futures studies in health, kerman university of medical sciences, kerman, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان (Kerman university of medical sciences)
احمد حاجبی | ahmad hajebi
mental health research center, tehran institute of psychiatry, faculty of school of behavioral sciences and mental health, iran university of medical sciences, tehran, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران (Iran university of medical sciences)
یدالله محرابی | yadoallah mehrabi
department of epidemiology, safety promotion and injury prevention research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
سید سعید هاشمی | sayed saeed hashemi
department of epidemiology, safety promotion and injury prevention research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
حمید شریفی | hamid sharifi
regional knowledge hub, and who collaborating centre for hiv surveillance, institute for futures studies in health, kerman university of medical sciences, kerman, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان (Kerman university of medical sciences)
سید ابراهیم قدوسی | seyed ebrahim ghoddousi
mental health, social health and addiction department mehshad , substance abuse prevention and treatment office sapto , ministry of health and medical education, tehran, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: وزارت بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی (Ministry of health and medical education)
کورش اعتماد | korosh etemad
department of epidemiology, safety promotion and injury prevention research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, ir iran
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
حمید سوری | hamid soori
safety promotion and injury prevention research center, school of public health, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran; department of epidemiology, safety promotion and injury prevention research center, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, ir iran. tel fax 98-2122431993
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
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