Background and Aim: Controlling and preventing the transmission of infectious diseases during dental procedures is a crucial pillar of the healthcare system. The present study aims to determine infection prevention behaviors during dental procedures based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) among dental students at Arak University of Medical Sciences in the year 2024.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted on all dental students after the basic sciences phase (120 student) at Arak University of Medical Sciences in 2024, using a census method. In this study, a questionnaire based on the HBM was used to collect data. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS16 and statistical tests such as independent t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA, and regression analysis and significant level is 0.05 considered.
Result: In the study, 59.2% were male, and the rest were female. The average scores of knowledge (p=0.04), susceptibility (p=0.01), severity (p=0.04),benefits (p=0.01), and perceived barriers (p=0.01) showed a significant difference between male and female students (p < 0.05), with higher scores observed among female students. Based on the regression model, the most predictive variables—having completed the infection control course, perceived benefits, and perceived self-efficacy—collectively explained 46% of the variance in infection prevention behaviors during dental procedures among students.
Conclusion: In order to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases among students, emphasizing the increase in the results of benefit  behaviors and empowering students in this regard through increa information, showing films, and also based on the structuring of the internal control unit lesson.