| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
It appears that celiac patients have more trust in products like biscuits and crackers as sources of carbohydrates. Therefore, this study focused on evaluating and optimizing gluten-free biscuits using date syrup and date seed powder. Sugar levels at 20%, 30%, 40%, and 60% were replaced by date syrup, while rice flour levels at 0%, 10%, 13%, and 20% were substituted with date seed powder. Gluten-free biscuits were assessed based on the dough's textural properties, as well as the biscuits' physicochemical properties, including spread ratio, moisture, water activity, color, antioxidant activity, total fiber, total sugar, fat, and protein, using standard methods. Sensory evaluation was conducted with a 5-point hedonic test, and mouthfeel was assessed with Sensomaker software to determine the optimal replacement levels for date syrup and date seed powder. Finally, the proposed optimized formulation was produced, and textural and physicochemical properties, including firmness, total fiber, total sugar, fat, protein, ash, pH, moisture, water activity, color, and antioxidant activity, were measured and compared with a control sample. Replacing rice flour with date seed powder and sugar with date syrup increased the dough’s firmness and elasticity. Regarding the textural properties of gluten-free biscuits, firmness significantly increased with higher levels of date seed powder and date syrup. For sensory characteristics, replacing rice flour with date seed powder and sugar with date syrup had a significant effect on taste, crispness, and color.
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