| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Introduction: Determining the country's typical information on the type and quantity of feed for the production of livestock and poultry products can play an important role in the macro-policy of management and supply of feed in the country. The purpose of this study was to estimate the type and amount of feed for the production of each unit of livestock and poultry products in the country. To do this, the metabolizable energy of the feed and the conversion efficiency coefficients of the metabolic energy into livestock and poultry products were used.
Materials and methods: For this purpose,, in order to calculate the conversion rate of feed to product, in addition to the feed consumed during the fattening period, the livestock lactation period and the laying period of poultry, the amount of feed consumed during the period of pregnancy, dry period, before the start of fattening, before the start of poultry laying, feed consumed by productive males, feed consumed to provide energy for livestock walking in the pastures were also considered in the calculations. The amount and type of feed for the production of red meat and milk was calculated in four steps: In the first step, the total amount of metabolizable energy of the feed was calculated by the type of animal and feed. For this purpose, information on the amount of feed consumed by livestock, intensive cattle farming and extentive cattle farming in the country was prepared. This information was extracted from the statistics center of Iran from livestock farms in 2015 and 2016. In the second step, the feed consumed for milk production was separated from the total feed consumed by different livestock groups (intensive cattle farming , extentive cattle farming and extensive goat and sheep farming) in the country. The total feed consumption for each group of livestock was in the country. The fourth step was to calculate the amount of feed consumed by livestock for factors other than milk and red meat production. Factors such as walking in the pasture, consumption of feed for productive livestock that do not produce livestock products annually but consume feed. The calculation of feed conversion factor to chicken meat and eggs was also done. Results: The results of this study showed that average feed required to produce each kilogram of red meat in the country was calculated as 38.2 kg based on the fresh weight of the feed. Comparing the self-reliance coefficients reported with the calculated coefficients showed that the results for vegetable meal, seed corn, leguminous fodder and forage obtained from pasture are consistent with each other. However, the amount of self-reliance factor calculated for barley, straw and silage corn was lower than the values reported by the Ministry of Agriculture, also in the country, for the production of each kilogram of chicken meat, 2.45 kilograms of fresh feed weight (2.11 kilograms of dry feed) and for Eggs were needed for 2.15 kg of fresh feed weight (1.84 kg of dry feed). Conclusion:Based on this results, at the country level, 24.32 kg dry matter is used to produce per kg red meat based on carcase weight, 1.64 kg dry matter is used to produced per kg milk, 2.11 kg dry matter is used to produce per kg poultry meat based on carcase weight and 1.84 kg dry matter is used to produced per kg egg. |
| نویسندگان مقاله |
سید مجید عالیمقام | seyed majid Alimagham
Former Ph.D. Student, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran.
دانش آموخته دکتری، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
افشین سلطانی | Afshin Soltani
Professor, Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Iran
استاد تمام، گروه زراعت دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
بهروز دستار | Behrouz Dastar
Professor., Dept. Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resoureces
استاد تمام گروه تغذیه دام و طیور دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
تقی قورچی | Taghi Ghoorchi
Professor., Dept. Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resoureces
استاد تمام گروه تغذیه دام و طیور دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
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