| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Abstract Zahf means farness from the orgion and delay from the purpose and goal. In term of prosody, every change that is occurred in afaeel pricipals is called zahaf.  In ancient prosody books, sometime zahafs of persion prosody have been classified in a particular method and approximately scientific, but this method used as a sample for the earliest accoding to different reasons such as: unuseful complications, being of little importance in learning prosody, etc. Maybe these matters are the reason why honorable authors didnât try to classify them.  Among predecessors, Khaja Nasir od-Din has done useful efforts. But his efforts are not enough. The fact is that learning prosodic zahafs in the way mentioned in the most of prosody books is very difficult and probably impossible. Paying attention to these classifications, we can consider zahafs as one of prosody problems in zahafs section.  In this essay, to facilitate learning and more importantly to make it long-lasting in the memory, we divide these zahafs in a different way. In a general classification, changes of zahafs in prosody afaâeel are either singular or compound. Singular zahaf: In this case one or some of syllables (short or long) in the beginning or at the end are deleted. One syllable is added. One syllebe from beginning, middle or end is changed to a short one. Compound zahaf: In this cases two or three zahaf which have been concurrent by the methods of part one simultanously occurred in a foot, or all of the changes are from one method (for example long different syllable have been shortened two times), or simultaneously a syllable deleted and other syllable is shortened and⦠that in the most cases for this zahaf obtained from all of those zahafs is created another name or sometimes is not. Itâs clear that in the part one (1.1) (shortening long syllable) which are the most famous and practical in prosodic zahaf in Persian, each of prosody afaeel (Mafaâeelon, Faelaton, Mostafalon, Mafâoolato, Faelon, Faâoolon) mostly have three zahafs of the four above-mentioned, and each of them certainly has not one of the four above-mentioned. For example, Mafaâeelon and Faelon have not Makhboon zahaf, because their first syllables are short and Makhboon means shortening the first long syllabl. Faâelaton and Faâelon feet, have not Mathvi zahaf, because their second syllables are short. The Mostafâelon foot has not Maghtoo zahaf, because its third syllable is short and also Mafâoolato has not Makfoof zahaf, because its fourth syllable is short.     The zahafs we classified according these qualities are approximately the most fomous and practical ones in persion. Constructing some other regulations which are in the way of this classification, we can also classify the rest cases. Considering what mentioned above, we can conclude that porosodic zahafs are based in a scientific regularity and arrangement |