| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
 Extended Abstract IntroductionRecognizing the problems in rural areas and presentation of its suitable solution is one of the essentials to the sustainable rural development. One of the mental disturbances of the regional managers and planners is the natural hazards in different regions. Tarom area in north of Zanjan province (northwest Iran) has a high degree of earthquake risk due to its special geological and topographic structure, as the 21 June 1990 earthquake had showed this unpleasant reality. Regarding the necessary and priority for recognition this hazard and presentation the best solution for the planning them, in this research it has tried to zoning the earthquake vulnerability risk via the suitable methods.Theoretical BasesThere are numerous methods for assessment the settlement vulnerability against earthquake. However, since there are many factors to evaluate the settlement risk, so using the spatial multi-criteria analysis methods comes to hand results that are more effective. Nowadays, geographical information systems (GIS) have come as a powerful computer technique, which has the ability to comprehensive spatial analysis, databases management and data visualizing. Expectation to this, in sciences related to the earth, it is commonly use on informational systems based on GIS for zoning the natural hazard risks such as earthquake and landslide.  Methodology In this research, it has tried to zoning the rural settlements for the risk of earthquake using AHP model and spatial multi-criteria analysis method with five indices of environmental and population. For operate this, first the effective factors as the land kind, fault, sloop, landslide and population density were selected and then, the layers of those data obtained and classified in ARC GIS software. The criteria distinction was based on linear function in AHP model and the end, the final map of the zoning for the earthquake vulnerability risk produced in four classes contains low, medium, high and very high-risk zones.DiscussionThe case study of this research has very high potential risk of earthquake via the faults mostly the main faults and its alluvial unstable lands and sloops. Since in the past times the local and spatial allocating of villages were mainly based on natural factors and socio-economic trend, such as accessibility to water and soil resources and also the sufficient security, consequently it has taken into consideration very few about the natural irresistible such as earthquake. so that many of villages are located beside the main factors or in unsuitable land structure. Hence, in case of earthquake, these settlements can be very vulnerable, as 21 June 1990 earthquake had showed this. In addition, any ignorance to natural hazards will consequent stagnancy of economic and agricultural activities in the area and led them to challenge in various forms.  Conclusion The results of the research show the main portion of the area and its rural settlements are in high (percentage 45.71) and very high (percentage 14.71) risk zones. Only 30.30% of the area is comforted in medium risk zone and finally, 9.29% in low risk zone. In the other hand, more than 60 percent of the studied area settled in high and very high-risk zones, which contain 30 villages with 13219 populations in total.Suggestion Regarding to the risk potential zones, a suitable site for the emergency shelter must be allocates and equip in the area. Based on this zoning study, maps of the zones must be produced in large scales in order to use in development planning for infrastructures and settlements based on these risk zones and conformably to national regulations and provisions for the buildings.It is suggest to more study in this case based on geological, environmental, construction engineering factors to the population, and activity cores of the area. |