| کلیدواژههای انگلیسی مقاله |
scientometrics, dermatology journals, title, citation, INTRODUCTIONThe article title is the first thing that any researcher will read. Therefore, it must be contemplated well to make an article stand out from millions of published articles. Researchers often try to obtain principal information about an article from a quick glance at the title. In addition, the article title is the first tool used to compare and screen articles among a pool of scientific documents 1,- 3, . Furthermore, the title of an article is an instrument used by databases, indexing systems, libraries, journals, etc., to categorize them into related fields 4, . Therefore, selecting a suitable and attractive article title could be the simplest way to increase article visibility. The citation of articles is one of the most important indicators that researchers and policymakers consider in any field of research, representing one of the most straightforward tools to judge the quality of an article. Moreover, citing a journal&apos,s articles affects that journal&apos,s impact factor. For researchers, citations lead to receiving grants, awards, and promotions from academic institutions during certain competitions and festivals 5,, 6, . Universities and research centers also push researchers to publish high-quality articles with a high chance of receiving citations. Therefore, many universities prioritize studying factors effective in increasing the citation rate 7, .Various indices have been considered for evaluating the visibility and importance of articles and article citations. These metrics allow article readers to evaluate the impact of citations and the degree of community participation around an article 8, . In this regard, the citation count indicates how many times a publication has been cited. Moreover, the Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) shows how well this document is visited and cited compared with similar documents. In this criterion, a value greater than 1 means citing the document more than expected . Furthermore, the citation benchmarking percentile demonstrates how citations received by the document compare with the average for similar documents 12,, 13, . Finally, the&,nbsp Topic Prominence Percentile&,nbsp (TPP) is another index for evaluating an article&,rsquo s momentum according to its topic. This parameter is calculated by SciVal 11,, 14, . Researchers have so far discovered a number of factors that affect citation counts. The four main factors (domains) that affect the number of citations to an article are the article&apos,s authors, journal, study field, and characteristics 15, . Citation counts are affected by the first and last authors&,rsquo rank, name of the first author&,rsquo s university mentioned in affiliations, country of residence of the first author, quality or ranking of the university where the authors work, number of organizational affiliations mentioned in articles, and number of citations of the first and last authors of the articles . The citation count may also be affected by the characteristics of the article title. For instance, evidence revealed that longer titles often received more citations, and this association was more prominent in journals with higher impact factors 18, . However, others showed that the shorter the length, the greater the citations 19, . Moreover, according to the literature, the title type and the inclusion of the year of study, study design, acronyms, punctuation marks, etc., could predict the citation rate 1,, 7,, 20, , though findings have been inconsistent.To the best of our knowledge, the relationship between the title characteristics of dermatology journal articles and their citation indices is yet to be examined. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap in the literature. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODSStudy design and sample size,This cross-sectional study was conducted on articles published in 2016 in four general English-language dermatology journals, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (from USA) with 477 articles Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (from Europe) with 246 articles Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology (from Asia) with 59 articles International Journal of Dermatology (An independent journal from the International Association of Dermatology) with 328 articles The Scopus search results were limited to &,ldquo Articles&,rdquo and &,ldquo Reviews&,rdquo in terms of the document type. Following a similar article 20, , the minimum sample size of 304 was estimated by considering a first-type error (alpha) of 0.05, a power of 0.8, and a correlation coefficient between citation counts and title length of -0.16. Data collectionStratified and random cluster sampling was used to select articles from each journal. In this regard, we extracted the &,ldquo articles&,rdquo and &,ldquo reviews&,rdquo of 2016 from each journal separately in a the .CVS file format. After reviewing the titles in the list, if the documents were incorrectly categorized as &,ldquo articles&,rdquo and &,ldquo reviews,&,rdquo they were excluded from the study. Then, four random numbering lists made by SPSS software version 25 separately for each journal were used to enroll articles into the study. The authors read the titles one by one to define the title type, descriptive, informative, or question. Then, the title was evaluated for the number of words, characters with and without spaces, simple or compound status, mentioning of study details (design, year, and place), and punctuation marks. Microsoft Word version 2016 was used to assess the number of words and characters. We recorded all data in a researcher-made data collection form. Data related to citation indices until the end of October 2021 were extracted from the Scopus database. The measures included the citation count, self-citation count, FWCI, citation benchmarking percentile, and TPP. To control the biases made by self-citation, the number of self-citations was subtracted from the actual number of citations in the additional analysis. The FWCI and citation benchmarking percentile were evaluated in both continuous numerical and categorical data. In this regard, the FWCI was divided into two categories consisting of &,lt 1 and &,ge 1, according to its well-known cut-off point, and the citation benchmarking percentile was divided into two categories based on &,lt 75 and &,ge 75 as a cut-off point to define the top-quartile articles as highly cited ones. P-values equal to and less than 0.05 were considered significant. Statistical analysis We used Stata software version 14.2 (StataCorp LLC, 4905 Lakeway Drive, College Station TX77845, USA) for statistical analyses. We used the frequency and percentage to describe categorical data and the mean, standard deviation, and median to present quantitative data. In addition, we used the independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), chi-squared test, and Pearson correlation to find the association between the variables. The mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the effect size of variables affecting citation metrics. Furthermore, based on the search in similar studies, we considered the potentially influential variables as predictors and ran a linear regression model using the enter method. We entered factors such as compound title type and mentioning of the study design, study place, and acronyms in the title into the regression model, accompanied by some characteristics of articles that probably affect this model, including the article type (reviews vs. original research), level of accessibility (open access vs. non-open access), and topic prominence percentile (defined as an indicator that reveals the current momentum and encouragement of a topic according to Scopus).Ethical considerationsThe protocol of this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (Ethics Code, IR.SUMS.REC.1400.087). RESULTSCharacteristics of the articles and their titles Overall, we enrolled 305 articles, including 239 (78.36%) original articles and 66 (21.64%) review articles from four selected dermatology journals. In this regard, 236 (77.38%) articles were subscription-based, and 69 (22.62%) were open-access articles. Moreover, 241 (79.02%) titles were of the descriptive type, followed by informative and question types with frequencies of 49 (16.07%) and 15 (4.92%), respectively. Only 100 (32.79%) and 48 (15.74%) articles mentioned the type and place of the study in the title, respectively. Additionally, the colon was the most punctuation mark the authors used in the titles. In addition, 169 (55.41%) titles were of compound type. The median title word count was 14 (IQR, 10, 18). Tables 1, and 2, present the characteristics of the articles studied and their titles. Variable Frequency (%) N= 305Journal name Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology119 (32.02)International Journal of Dermatology92 (30.16)Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology75 (24.59)Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology19 (6.23)Open access article Yes 69 (22.62) No236 (77.38)Article type Original 239 (78.36) Review 66 (21.64)Title type Descriptive241 (79.02) Informative49 (16.07) Question 15 (4.92)Compound title Yes 169 (55.41) No136 (44.59)Presence of year(s) of study Yes 3 (0.98) No302 (99.02)Presence of place of study Yes 48 (15.74) No257 (84.26)Presence of study design Yes 100 (32.79) No205 (67.21)Presence of acronyms Yes 85 (27.87) No220 (72.13)Presence of at least one punctuation mark Yes 239 (78.36) No66 (21.64)Type of punctuation markColon (,) 156 (51.15)Hyphen (-)113 (37.05)Parenthesis ()64 (20.98)Comma (,)45 (14.75)Question mark (?)15 (4.92)Slash (/)5 (1.64)Quotation mark (&,lsquo &,rsquo )3 (1.98)Semicolon ( ) 1 (33)Table 1. Characteristics of the articles and article titles enrolled in the studyVariables Mean &,plusmn SDMedian (IQR)MinMaxTitle words count14.22 &,plusmn 5.3514 (10, 18)129Title characteristics count (with spaces) 106.45 &,plusmn 37.76103 (80, 133)14228Title characteristics count (without spaces)93.21 &,plusmn 32.7691 (70, 116)13201Total citation count21.46 &,plusmn 27.7614 (7, 27)0263Number of punctuation marks in the title1.619 &,plusmn 1.451 (1, 2)07Self-citation excluded citation count 18.91 &,plusmn 24.8511 (5, 23)0232Field-Weighted Citation Impact&,nbsp (FWCI)2.04 &,plusmn 3.101.31 (0.58, 2.44)034.19Benchmarking percentile71.75 &,plusmn 21.6278 (57, 90)099SD=standard deviation IQR=interquartile range min=minimum max=maximum |