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Iranian Journal of Immunology، جلد ۲۰، شماره ۳، صفحات ۲۴۷-۲۶۱
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عنوان انگلیسی Implications of Complement Imbalance in COVID-19: A Molecular Mechanistic Discussion on the Importance of Complement Balance
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Two central questions in COVID-19 treatment which should be considered are: “How does the imbalance of the complement system affect the therapeutic approaches?” and “Do we consider complement inhibitors in therapeutic protocols?”. The complement system is a double-edged sword since it may either promote immune responses against COVID-19 or contribute to destructive inflammation in the host. Therefore, it is crucial to regulate this system with complement inhibitors. In this manuscript, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of complement and complement inhibitors in COVID-19 patients. We searched the terms “COVID-19”, “Complement”, “Complement inhibitor”, “SARS-CoV-2”, and all complement fragments and inhibitors from 2000 to 2022 in PubMed and google scholar and checked the pathways in “KEGG pathway database”. Complement is not well-appreciated in the treatment protocols despite its multiple roles in the disease, and most of the preventive anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches did not include a complement inhibitor in COVID-19 therapeutic protocols. In this review article, we discussed the most recent studies regarding complement components mediated interventions and the mechanism of these interventions in COVID-19 patients. Since the control of the complement system overactivation is associated with a better prognosis in the initial stages of COVID-19, heparin, anti-thrombin, C1-inhibitor, montelukast, and hydralazine can be effective in the initial stages of this viral infection. Recombinant complement activation (RCA) proteins are more effective in regulating complement compared to terminal pathway therapeutic approaches such as the C3a and C5a inhibitors.
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله Complement System Proteins, Complement Inactivating Agents, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
نویسندگان مقاله Mehdi Torabizadeh |
Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Helia Modaresi Asfeh |
Department of Microbiology, Sciences, and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars, Iran.

Zeinab Deris Zayeri |
Golestan Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

Cerdan Dominique |
Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, France.

Hashem Kazemi |
Department of Biology, Dezful Branch, Islamic Azad University, Dezful, Iran.

Najmaldin Saki |
Health Research Institute, Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

نشانی اینترنتی https://iji.sums.ac.ir/article_49464_4efa6a3990432cbf63d161a8d619b284.pdf
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