| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Severe sepsis and septic shock are major problems as the result of high rates morbidity andmortality in intensive care units (ICUs). In the presence of septic shock, each hour of delay inthe administration of effective antibiotics is associated with a measurable increase in mortality.Aminoglycosides are effective broad-spectrum antibiotics that are commonly used in ICUs forthe treatment of life-threatening Gram-negative infections and as a part of empiric therapy forsevere sepsis and septic shock. Knowledge of the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic(PD) properties of the antibiotics used for the management of critically ill patients is essentialfor selecting the antibiotic dosing regimens and improving patient outcome.Volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of aminoglycosides in critically ill patientsdiffers from general population and these parameters change considerably during the therapy.Pathophysiological changes during the sepsis alter the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamicprofile of many drugs (increase in Vd and variable changes in CL have been reported foraminoglycosides during the sepsis), therefore, dosing regimen optimization is necessary forachieving therapeutic goal, and critically ill patients should receive larger loading doses ofaminoglycosides in order to achieve therapeutic blood levels and due to the considerablevariation in kinetic parameters, the use of standard doses of aminoglycosides or dosingnomograms is not recommended in these populations. |
| نویسندگان مقاله |
لاله محمودی | laleh mahmoudi
clinical pharmacy department, school of pharmacy, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز (Shiraz university of medical sciences)
رامین نیکنام | ramin niknam
1- gastroenterohepatology research center, shiraz university of medical sciences, shiraz, iran. 2- gastroenterology and hepatology section, fasa university of medical sciences, fasa, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز (Shiraz university of medical sciences)
سارا موسوی | sarah mousavi
clinical pharmacy department, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران (Tehran university of medical sciences)
آرزو احمدی | arezoo ahmadi
department of anesthesiology and critical care medicine, sina hospital, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران (Tehran university of medical sciences)
هوشیار هنرمند | hooshyar honarmand
clinical pharmacy department, faculty of pharmacy, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
شادی ضیایی | shadi ziaie
clinical pharmacy department, faculty of pharmacy, shahid beheshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی (Shahid beheshti university of medical sciences)
مجتبی مجتهدزاده | mojtaba mojtahedzadeh
1- clinical pharmacy department, faculty of pharmacy, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, iran. 2-department of anesthesiology and critical care medicine, sina hospital, tehran university of medical sciences, tehran, iran.
سازمان اصلی تایید شده: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران (Tehran university of medical sciences)
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