| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Extended Abstract: Introduction: Today, the growth of urbanization and the expansion of cities, especially large cities, have increased the negative effects of urban development and imposed serious challenges related to environmental quality (Chiarini et al., 2020; Ziari et al., 2018). Among the types of pollution, air pollution is the main type threatening the environment and humans (Rai, 2016). According to the World Health Organization, air pollution deaths in the world are 7 million people annually and about 9 out of 10 people are exposed to this pollution. In recent decades, air pollution in large cities has intensified due to the emission of pollutants from factories and vehicles. In addition, urban spatial patterns and lack of attention to the optimal location of urban elements have led to air pollutants approaching the ground level and thus further endangering the health of citizens. Therefore, the role of urban planning in establishing relationships between land use, economic activities, sustainable urban mechanisms, and controlling and reducing air pollution has been approved. Despite the above-mentioned importance of paying attention to the problem of air pollution in large cities and considering the spatial factors affecting it in the urban planning system, the study of the research background indicates that in a macro classification, the air pollution zoning models of cities in the field of urban planning were classified into two categories: interpolation and spatial analysis models. Interpolation models estimate air pollution based on data from field survey stations. The purpose of this study is to identify the spatial indicators affecting air pollution in the urban planning system and to analyze and rank the fifteen regions of Isfahan metropolis based on spatial indicators. The metropolis of Isfahan is one of the three largest cities in the country and one of the cities with high use of cars and motorcycles. Therefore, in line with the above goal, first, the spatial indicators affecting air pollution have been extracted by referring to the theoretical and experimental literature and then the situation of fifteen regions of Isfahan metropolis has been analyzed based on the spatial distribution indicators. · This article is extracted From the second author`s Dissertation entitled: “Analysis and Ranking of Fifteen Regions of Isfahan Metropolis Using Biophilic Urban Planning Approach” under supervision first author in the Architecture and Urban Planning Faculty of Art University of Isfahan. Methodology The present descriptive-analytical study has a mixed paradigm due to the use of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method used in this research is survey type and the qualitative method is a case study. Also, this research is a part of applied research in terms of purpose. The data were collected using library and field methods. For data analysis, spatial analysis methods in GIS software were used. After preparing analytical maps of air pollution based on each of the indicators, the Swara method was used to weigh the criteria and Indicators. In this regard, first, through qualitative sampling, 30 experts were selected and then the criteria and the indicators of each criterion were ranked based on their views. Finally, by using the spatial analysis method and Map Algebra tool in GIS software, the indicators and the zoning map were prepared. Discussion In this study, research indicators in fifteen regions of Isfahan metropolis have been analyzed and compared, according to which the height reduction, proximity to the concentration of urban industries, terminals, intersections, population and dust prone areas, increasing distance from rivers, creeks, areas with dense vegetation and areas affected by airflow, increasing building density, increasing traffic volume and proximity to heavy industries near the city increase air pollution. After preparing the analytical maps, according to the coefficients and the effect of the indicators, the overlapping of the analytical maps and the ranking of the regions was done, based on which regions 7, 8, 13, and 14 were at the most unfavorable rank. Conclusion The results of the study show different distributions of air pollution in fifteen regions at five ranks as follows: 1) Very high air pollution: including regions 7, 8, 13, and 14, which are in a very unfavorable situation in terms of air pollution, and urban planning with a spatial approach to increase the health of residents for these regions is the first priority. 2) High air pollution: Regions 3, 5, 10, and 12 are at this rank. These regions are in poor condition in terms of air pollution and planning for these regions is the second priority. 3) Moderate air pollution: Regions 1, 2, 4, and 15 are in relatively good condition in terms of air pollution and planning for these regions is the third priority. 4) Low air pollution: Regions 6 and 11 are at this rank. These regions are in good condition in terms of air pollution and are the fourth priority of planning. 5) Very low air pollution: Region 9 is in very good condition in terms of air pollution compared to other regions and planning for this region is the last priority. Based on the results, the most important cause of air pollution in the metropolis of Isfahan is the existence of inner-city industries, the placement of heavy industries near the city, and the existence of financial problems to purify the pollution of these industries. Other main causes of air pollution include high use of private vehicles, heavy traffic on inner-city highways and main roads, lack of construction privacy for these main roads, the presence of worn-out vehicles, the weakness of the public transportation system, inversion and the drying of the Zayandehrood in most days of the year and increased dust hotspots in the warmer months of the year (especially in the eastern parts of the city). In order to solve the problem of air pollution in the Isfahan metropolis, first, a comprehensive and detailed plan is necessary. Second, incompatible activities such as air-polluting terminals and workshops should be removed from near residential areas outside the city limits. It is also necessary to implement measures in the scale of regions and neighborhoods to control and reduce air pollution in priority regions with emphasis on spatial factors discussed in the theoretical and experimental literature. 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