| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Background and Objectives: Food habits and dietary behaviour of family are important factors that influence the food intake of children and adolescents. Considering the role of the family in forming the food habits of children and adolescents, this study was designed to determine and compare the fat intake patterns of high school adolescent girls and their parents in Tehran. Materials and Methods: The study sample included 78 adolescent girls (15-17yrs) and their parents (78 mothers and 78 fathers), selected by the simple random sampling method. Demographic data were gathered using a self-administered questionnaire, and the food intake data were obtained by a 24-h recall, 2-day food record, and a 50-item food frequency questionnaire for each girl and her parents. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS Software. Comparison of the means of the fat intake was tested by ANOVA, and the relation between the fat intake of the girls and their parents was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Mean weekly frequency intakes of dairy products, sweet snacks, salty snacks, and fast foods were higher in girls, as compared to their parents (P< 0.01). There were significant correlations between the girls and their parents with regard to the consumption of meats/eggs, salty snacks, fast foods, and home-made mixed fatty foods (P< 0.01). Moreover, the frequencies of consumption of all fatty food groups were significantly correlated between the fathers and the mothers. A significant difference (P< 0.01) was observed between the girls and their mothers in the intake of energy, total fat, SFA, and MUFA, and between the girls and their fathers in the intake of energy and cholestrol (P< 0.001). However, the intakes of energy, type of fat, and energy derived from other macronutrients were significantly correlated between the girls and their parents (P< 0.01). Correlations between the mothers and the fathers were higher than between the girls and their parents. Conclusion: Based on the results, the frequency consumptions of certain fatty foods, including fatty snacks and fast foods, were higher among the girls, as compared to their parents,although the quantity and quality of fatty food intake of parents and their daughters were similar. The results confirm the influence of the family, specially parents, on shaping food habits and dietary pattern of adolescents and indicate the need to focus on the family in nutrition intervention programs for health promotion and nutritional improvement of this age group. |