| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Evaluation of Environmental Quality in Urban Historical Neighborhoods(Case Study: Nafarabad Neighborhood, Rey, TehrAbstractMeasure to evaluate the quality urban environment and inhabitants of their home environment can be considered as one of the most important determinants of urban planning objectives. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors affecting residential residents can analyze the current status of residence, future decisions to improve the quality of residential areas and avoid duplication of defects in other places be effective. Since today's urban environment in historical neighborhoods often provide the conditions in which people with adverse environmental conditions such as noise, odor, and air pollution, external security, overcrowding, and lack of waste facilities are facing. Therefore, handling and quality management in urban residential environment will be critical in this part of town. This is due to the environment of other aspects of life, Specific nature of the residential environment, the increasing role of urban residential environment as the main habitat for humans and the number of people who dominate the residential environment city have a negative impact, it is important.This is due to the importance of other aspects of the environment, the specific nature of the residential environment, the increasing role of urban residential environment as a basic human habitat and the number of people who prevailing conditions of the environment, city, residential negative impact have important 's. This study was a descriptive - analytical study in terms of aims, is applied to assess the quality of the urban environment in one of the oldest neighborhoods of Tehran called Nafarabad two levels of the urban environment and residential environment based on physical indices - spatial, social and cultural environment is discussed. The study, a cross - the target is applied. The required data library and field methods have been collected through a questionnaire. The population size of 13,667 people and the specimens using Cochran formula, 262 samples were estimated using simple random sampling, the samples were selected. According to the proposed hypothesis, a questionnaire containing 68 questions was devised. According to the selection criteria of those who have been selected as the sample population were completed. Based on Likert scale questions (5 options) are set and measured parameters are reflected in the form of questions. In this case the respondent on each factor range from very low to very high 5 -choice is clear. The first part of the routine, general questions must be included. This section consists of 7 questions including questions about demographic characteristics of citizens such as age, sex; marital status, place of birth, educational status, employment status and income have been studied. Ask the Expert section 2 Group 1 - the quality of the urban environment with three physical parameters - spatial , environmental and socio 2 - Quality of living environments are divided . Assessed using Cronbach's alpha was found to have the validity of the questionnaire is required. The value of this ratio to 0/78. The Cronbach alpha coefficient equal to 0/8 is higher, and finally using SPSS, using factor analysis, the data were analyzed. Results of one sample t-tests and analyzes carried out show that the parameters of the physical environment of space, out of quality buildings and public spaces and green spaces in the lowest and the average quality of access roads is located at a much higher level. This indicates that citizens living in the historic context of the neighborhood Nafarabad less satisfied with their physical urban space. Barren and desolate areas and abandoned buildings, heterogeneity buildings, narrow streets, dark and low latitudes and the lack of public spaces and green neighborhood residents have access to public spaces and green are over long distances. All these factors indicate a low quality of physical space is an old tissue. However, the quality of and access roads, and commercial center due to its position in the neighborhood is high Rey. Among the environmental indicators, the average quality of unpleasant odor in the lowest and the highest average noise is allocated. This reflects the dissatisfaction of citizens residing on the historic fabric of the neighborhood is Nafarabad environmental factors. Unpleasant odors, harmful animals, graffiti, etc. Environmental pollution has created. Among the social factors - cultural, average quality, feel secure in the lowest and the highest average of sense of place has been given . The low level of sense of security in this neighborhood because of the move populated areas of the neighborhood and consequently altering the social structure and demographics , cultural diversity , there are thugs in the neighborhood, ( residents strongly about it in a pinch , and complain about it ) , interruptions to pride ( the intense fear and concern from people about it too much ). Car theft or theft from home (The lives of citizens in a community atmosphere which overshadowed) the dark streets and alleys and citizens' fear of drug dealing or taking it as well as conflict and , ... Is that the police should be stationed at the neighborhood level and provide useful services. Among the indicators of quality of living environment, quality of maintenance costs at the lowest level to the highest levels of quality and size of the building is located. Aging buildings, dating high buildings, proper use of standard materials and ... Resulted in enormous costs for citizens to address the quality of the residential environment and the residents should have been spending a lot of money to burn their buildings. Overall, we conclude that the historical neighborhood of residential environment quality standards and the quality of the urban environment, the situation is in turmoil. Index also shows that despite the low quality of the physical environment - climate, environmental and residential environment, social and cultural indicators were satisfactory level Given that most of the old texture and give the necessary facilities can increase the quality of their environment.Key words: "quality assessment", "Urban environment", "Historical quarters", "Social and cultural indicators", "the quarter of Nafarabad" |