مجله علوم پزشکی رازی، جلد ۳۰، شماره ۳، صفحات ۰-۰
عنوان فارسی تاثیر فعالیت بدنی بر سلامت سالمندان و مقایسه سالمندان ایران و آلمان مطالعه موردی: شهروندان شهرهای رشت و هامبورگ
چکیده فارسی مقاله زمینه و هدف: سالمندی جمعیت یکی از اساسی ترین مشکلات جهان امروز به شمار می رود؛ چرا که افراد سالمند در معرض خطر بسیاری از بیماری ها و ناتوانی ها هستند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر  بررسی تاثیر فعالیت بدنی بر سلامت سالمندان و مقایسه سالمندان ایران و آلمان به صورت مطالعه موردی در شهروندان شهرهای رشت و هامبورگ بود. روش ها: پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ راهبرد علی مقایسه­ای می­باشد. جامعه آماری را شهروندان شهرهای رشت ایران و هامبورگ آلمان تشکیل دادند. حجم نمونه برابر با برآورد نرم­افزار SPSS Sample Power 606 نفر بود (303 شهروند ایرانی و 303 شهروند آلمانی). ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه فعالیت­بدنی شهلایی (1390) و پرسشنامه سلامت عمومی GHQ گلدبرگ بود. تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از روش مدل معادلات ساختاری رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی و تحلیل تعدیل­گر گروهی انجام شد. یافته ها: مطابق یافته­ها میزان فعالیت­بدنی در هر دو جامعه نزدیک به هم و متوسط رو به بالا بود، هر دو جامعه در سلامت عمومی وضعیت مطلوبی ندارند. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیت­بدنی بر سلامت سالمندان شهروندان رشت 285/4=T، 229/0=β و 05/0

کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله فعالیت­ ورزشی، سالمندان، آلمان، ایران.
عنوان انگلیسی The effect of physical activity on the health of the elderly and the comparison of the elderly in Iran and Germany, a case study: citizens of Rasht and Hamburg
چکیده انگلیسی مقاله Background: Population aging is one of the most fundamental problems in the world today. Because elderly people are at risk of many diseases and disabilities. Mobility is one of the most effective ways to prevent disorders of old age. One of the most important factors in maintaining and promoting health in old age is regular physical activity. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of physical activity on the health of the elderly and to compare the elderly of Iran and Germany in the form of a case study in the citizens of Rasht and Hamburg. Methods: The present research was applied in terms of objective and comparative in terms of causal strategy. The statistical population of this research was made up of the citizens of Rasht in Iran and Hamburg in Germany. The sampling method was available and the sample size was equal to the estimate of SPSS Sample Power software was 606 people (303 Iranian citizens and 303 German citizens). In order to measure the physical activity of the citizens, Shahlai's physical activity questionnaire (2013) which had 14 questions was used. Also, to measure the general health of the elderly, the 28-question GHQ Goldberg questionnaire, which includes four subscales, was used. In order to analyze the data in this research, structural equation model method, partial least squares approach and group moderator analysis were used. It should be noted that these analyzes were performed at the error level of 5% with the help of SPSS version 26 and Smart PLS version 3 software. Results: According to the findings of the research, it was found that the amount of physical activity in both communities was close to each other and the average was on the rise. It was also found that both communities do not have a favorable situation in terms of public health. However, the citizens of Hamburg had better health than the citizens of Rasht. The results of the analysis indicate that all the retained items and factors have adequate reliability, because in all cases the combined reliability level was greater than 0.7. By evaluating the convergent validity based on the average variance extracted, it was found that all the components have good convergent validity, because the average level of the extracted variance was higher than 0.50 in all cases. Also, Fornell and Larcker's method was used to evaluate the convergent validity and it was found that each factor has the most relationship with its construct. As a result, according to the results of reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity, it can be acknowledged that the external models, in a favorable way, have the ability to measure the variables of the research, therefore, in the continuation of the internal (structural) model, the research turns The results showed that physical activity has a positive and significant effect on the health of the elderly citizens of Rasht T=4.285, β=0.229 and P< 0.05. Also, physical activity has a positive and significant effect on the health of the elderly citizens of Hamburg T=4.982, β=0.282 and P< 0.05. There was no significant difference between the effect of physical activity on the health of the elderly in Iran and Germany, focusing on the citizens of Rasht and Hamburg. By confirming the assumption that there was a positive and significant causal relationship between physical activity and health of the elderly in Rasht and Hamburg. Next, to determine whether there is a difference between these estimated effects, the group adjustment analysis method was used. For this purpose, the formula provided by Hensler et al. (2009) was used. According to the coefficient values of the path "Physical activity --> health of the elderly" according to location (Rasht and Hamburg) and replacing these values in the group analysis formula, the t statistic and significance level for this path are equal to t=0.670 and The p-value was 0.503. As a result, it can be said that there is no significant difference between the effect of physical activity on the health of the elderly in Iran and Germany, focusing on the citizens of Rasht and Hamburg. Conclusion: Public health is a sensitive part of their life in old age and paying attention to this issue and the needs of this stage is a social necessity. The results of this research showed that the more the elderly have a lively and active life, the level of their physical and mental health improves, and the researchers recommend that the elderly health planners provide programs and facilities to improve the physical activity of these groups. The consequences of physical performance in active elderly people can be very pleasant and evidence shows that different degrees of physical performance have a significant effect on increasing the health and safety of the elderly. It is also possible that inactive elderly people have more physical limitations, and this causes them to face problems in doing activities such as standing, walking, lifting objects or household chores, etc., and they need more help to do They need daily life tasks. According to the results of this research, physical activity is considered as an important strategy to maintain and increase the health of the elderly in Iran and Germany; However, for the greater effect of this, it is better to provide conditions for the elderly to do physical activity in a group, especially with their peers. It also seems that the use of new educational programs and methods related to health is a necessity for the elderly and can improve all aspects of life. And considering the difficult conditions we had in the Corona situation, active lifestyle training has an effect on the development of the health level of the elderly and can be used in health education systems to teach the elderly to increase physical activity and quality of life.  
کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله sports activity, elderly, Germany, Iran.
نویسندگان مقاله مریم زارعی | Maryam Zarei
PhD student in Sport Management, Department of Physical Education and sport science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

حمید قاسمی | Hamid Ghasemiِِِ
Associate Professor of Sports Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

رضا نیک بخش | Reza Nik Bakhsh
Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
دانشیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران

نشانی اینترنتی http://rjms.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-6530-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
فایل مقاله فایلی برای مقاله ذخیره نشده است
کد مقاله (doi)
زبان مقاله منتشر شده fa
موضوعات مقاله منتشر شده فیزیولوژی ورزش
نوع مقاله منتشر شده موردنگاری
برگشت به: صفحه اول پایگاه   |   نسخه مرتبط   |   نشریه مرتبط   |   فهرست نشریات