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ژئوپلیتیک، جلد ۲۰، شماره ویژه، صفحات ۲۳۱-۲۷۲
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| عنوان فارسی |
Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq: Obedience to Law Dilemma |
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| چکیده فارسی مقاله |
In June 2014, Ayatollah Ali Al-Sistani issued a fatwa mandating Iraqis to volunteer in the security forces to fight against ISIS. Consequently, the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), otherwise called Alhashd Alshabi, were formed primarily from these volunteers, most of whom were Shias. In December 2016, the Iraqi Parliament issued a law that granted full legal status to the PMF. However, the PMF continued to face accusations of disobedience to the laws of the Iraqi state and the orders of the Commander-in-Chief of the Iraqi Armed Forces, raising concerns about its impact on the state's stability. This article aims to examine the nature of some PMF violations of the rule of law, explore the root causes of this phenomenon, and assess the possibility of eliminating or mitigating it. It argues that this phenomenon has social, historical, and religious origins tied to the relationship between the Shia in Iraq and the state. In particular, the internal divisions within the PMF stem from differences in perspectives regarding the rule of law. Thus, the article suggests that addressing this problem requires a long-term strategy beyond mere legal transformations. The article adopts a qualitative approach, which relies on the collection and analysis of data from the literature. |
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| کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله |
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| عنوان انگلیسی |
Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq: Obedience to Law Dilemma |
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| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
In June 2014, Ayatollah Ali Al-Sistani issued a fatwa mandating Iraqis to volunteer in the security forces to fight against ISIS. Consequently, the Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF), otherwise called Alhashd Alshabi, were formed primarily from these volunteers, most of whom were Shias. In December 2016, the Iraqi Parliament issued a law that granted full legal status to the PMF. However, the PMF continued to face accusations of disobedience to the laws of the Iraqi state and the orders of the Commander-in-Chief of the Iraqi Armed Forces, raising concerns about its impact on the state's stability. This article aims to examine the nature of some PMF violations of the rule of law, explore the root causes of this phenomenon, and assess the possibility of eliminating or mitigating it. It argues that this phenomenon has social, historical, and religious origins tied to the relationship between the Shia in Iraq and the state. In particular, the internal divisions within the PMF stem from differences in perspectives regarding the rule of law. Thus, the article suggests that addressing this problem requires a long-term strategy beyond mere legal transformations. The article adopts a qualitative approach, which relies on the collection and analysis of data from the literature. |
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| کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله |
Popular Mobilization Forces,Shia,Iraqi State,Rule of law |
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| نویسندگان مقاله |
Abbas Anbori |
Rewaq Baghdad Centre for Public Policy, Iraq.
Anwar Al-Mumin |
Rewaq Baghdad Centre for Public Policy, Iraq.
Andika Bin Ab. Waha |
University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
Robin Beaumont |
The École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris.
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| نشانی اینترنتی |
https://journal.iag.ir/article_210579_c5e85389a07f184d67e4f758344fe545.pdf |
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| زبان مقاله منتشر شده |
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