| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Antibacteria and Antibiofilm Properties of Tetracycline Loaded Niosomes against Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates: A Laboratory Study
Elham Bazargan[1], Fatemeh Ashrafi[2], Elham Siasi Torbati[3]
Received: 05/11/23 Sent for Revision: 13/03/24 Received Revised Manuscript: 22/06/24 Accepted: 24/06/24
Background and Objectives: Biofilm production is one of the reasons for drug resistance in bacteria. The aim of the present study was to synthesize niosomal structures containing tetracycline antibiotic and determine its effect on Klebsiella pneumoniae drug-resistant isolates in an effective treatment system.
Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, nanoniosomes containing tetracycline (Tet-Nio) were synthesized using the thin layer hydration method, and the morphological characteristics of drug release was investigated. MIC (Minimum inhibitory concentration), crystal violet, MBEC (Minimum biofilm eradication concentration) tests were used to investigate the antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects against Klebsiella pneumoniae strains under study exposed to free tetracycline and Tet-Nio, and the expression of mrkA gene in 10 isolates using was evaluated by real-time PCR test. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.
Results: Formulation No.2 with the particle size of 169.45±9.55 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) equal to 0.168±0.010, Zeta-potential equal to -24.55±1.63, entrapment efficacy equal to 75.31%±1.48%, and tetracycline drug release percentage in 48 hours equal to 45.34%±1.15% was chosen as the optimal formulation. The microbial test results showed that the Tet-Nio structure has more antibacterial effects than the free drug. Also, it was stated that the optimal formulation of Tet-Nio can significantly reduce the formation of biofilm in Klebsiella pneumoniae pathogenic bacteria by reducing the expression of the mrkA gene compared to the drug-treated group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Niosomes containing tetracycline were able to inhibit biofilm formation in drug-resistant isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore, they can be used in clinical studies to deal with nosocomial infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.
Keywords: Niosome, Tetracycline, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Biofilm, Antibiotic resistance
Funding: This study did not received any funds.
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, approved the study (IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1402.086).
Authors’ Contributions:
- Conceptualization: Fatemeh Ashrafi
- Methodology: Fatemeh Ashrafi
- Data collection: Elham bazargan
Formal analysis: Elham siasi
- PhD Student in Microbiology, Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran - Associate Prof., Dept. of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author) Tel: (021) 77319327, E-mail: mnfa.ashrafi@yahoo.com - Associate Prof., Dept. of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran |