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Physiology and Pharmacology، جلد ۲۵، شماره ۱، صفحات ۱-۶
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| عنوان فارسی |
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| چکیده فارسی مقاله |
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| کلیدواژه‌های فارسی مقاله |
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| عنوان انگلیسی |
A review on humane endpoints in animal experimentation for biomedical research |
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| چکیده انگلیسی مقاله |
Introduction: The use of animals in experiments and their role in the development of medical sciences are undeniable. Humane endpoints terminate pain and distress in laboratory animals, which are experimented in painful procedures and an involuntary manner. This study was going to review studies published in this area to assist researchers in developing their approach. Methods: Articles used in this review study were obtained from relevant databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Science Direct, OVID, SID, Magiran and Google scholar. Results: "Humane endpoints" or killing the animal humanely means the point at which an experimental animal's pain and/or distress is terminated. This pain and distress are not necessarily accompanied by clinical symptoms and it can also be recognized by biochemical, physiological and molecular biomarkers testing. Conclusion: Regarding the extensive use of laboratory animals, the aim is not only to take care of animals but also to develop knowledge and prevent unintentional animal suffering and death. Increasing awareness of ethical issues regarding research animal use needs scientific information and designing experiments, which are terminated immediately after achieving main goals. Otherwise, it threatens the life of animal and leads to the animal suffering. |
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| کلیدواژه‌های انگلیسی مقاله |
Laboratory animals, Humane endpoints, Animal welfare, Biomedical research. |
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| نویسندگان مقاله |
هوشنگ نجفی | Houshang Najafi
Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
رضا زارعی | Reza Zarei
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| Abbas Alimoradian
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| Mohaddeseh Asafari
Deputy of Food and Drug, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| Mahsa Mohammadi
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| Fatemeh Samadi
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| Majid Ramezani
Department of internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Baghitallah University of Medical Sciences, Teharn, Iran
| Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
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| نشانی اینترنتی |
http://ppj.phypha.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-11-963-8&slc_lang=en&sid=1 |
| فایل مقاله |
فایلی برای مقاله ذخیره نشده است |
| کد مقاله (doi) |
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| زبان مقاله منتشر شده |
en |
| موضوعات مقاله منتشر شده |
Others |
| نوع مقاله منتشر شده |
Review |
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